Jade Small
Jade Small
December 9, 2024 ·  4 min read

See the strange new species discovered near Chile—with the help of a deep-diving sea robot

An incredible underwater expedition has revealed over 100 potential new species in the depths of the Pacific Ocean, near Chile’s coast. Using advanced technology and the expertise of an international team of scientists, these discoveries showcase the extraordinary biodiversity of our oceans and the importance of preserving these habitats.

A Sci-Fi World Beneath the Waves

bathymetric map of Solito Seamount off the coast of Chile
A bathymetric map of Solito Seamount off the coast of Chile, created by multibeam sonar data from Research Vessel Falkor (too). In this map, the warmer colors (red and orange) correspond to shallower areas, while the cooler colors (yellow, green, and blues) indicate deeper areas. The scientists on the expedition found that each seamount hosted distinct ecosystems, including thriving deep-sea coral reefs and sponge gardens, indicating the seamounts support numerous vulnerable marine habitats. CREDIT: Schmidt Ocean Institute

Scientists exploring the 1,800-mile-long Salas y Gómez Ridge, located near Chile and Easter Island, uncovered a treasure trove of marine life that seemed straight out of a science fiction story. This underwater mountain chain, known as a seamount, is home to thriving ecosystems of coral reefs, sponge gardens, and unique marine creatures. The mission’s discoveries demonstrate the richness of life hidden in the deep sea.

The Unique Role of Seamounts

squat lobster
A squat lobster documented in coral at a depth of 2,194 feet on Seamount JF2. CREDIT: ROV SuBastian/Schmidt Ocean Institute.

Seamounts are towering underwater mountains, often formed by volcanic activity, that serve as essential habitats for a wide range of marine species. Stretching across the ocean floor, these features provide homes for corals, mollusks, crustaceans, fish, and even marine mammals. The Salas y Gómez Ridge includes over 200 seamounts, creating an environment that supports an array of vulnerable marine life.

Cutting-Edge Technology in Action

whiplash squid
A rarely-seen whiplash squid documented at 3,625 feet deep after inking at Seamount 17 (Ikhtiandr) in the Nazca Ridge. CREDIT: ROV SuBastian/Schmidt Ocean Institute

To explore these depths, researchers deployed ROV SuBastian, a deep-diving robot capable of reaching depths of over 14,000 feet. The robot’s high-tech capabilities allowed the team to map more than 20,000 square miles of the seafloor, uncovering four previously unknown seamounts and capturing footage of rare species like the whiplash squid and oblong urchins. SuBastian’s findings are critical for understanding and protecting these unique habitats.

Exploring Protected Marine Areas

Detail  viewof a sponge
Detail of a sponge documented at 4,063 feet deep at Seamout 10, also known as Guyot Baral. CREDIT: ROV SuBastian/Schmidt Ocean Institute.

The expedition also ventured into two of Chile’s marine protected areas: the Juan Fernandez and Nazca-Desventuradas marine parks. These regions are rich in biodiversity but are particularly vulnerable to environmental changes and human activity. The discoveries made here will aid conservation efforts, ensuring these delicate ecosystems remain intact for future generations.

Stunning Discoveries at Every Depth

Oblong Dermechinus urchins
Oblong Dermechinus urchins documented at a depth of 1,692 feet on Seamount JF2. CREDIT: ROV SuBastian/Schmidt Ocean Institute

Every dive during the mission revealed breathtaking sights. From bony Chaunacops fish to colorful coral reefs and sponge gardens, the seamounts were teeming with life. Some of the most notable finds included squat lobsters, rare squids, and intricately shaped sponges. These encounters highlighted the diversity and resilience of marine life in such extreme environments.

A Biodiversity Treasure Trove

Javier Sellanes, looking at the monitors
During the first dive to an unnamed and unexplored seamount, Javier Sellanes (Chief Scientist, Universidad Católica del Norte) is left stunned at the incredible biodiversity seen here.  CREDIT: Alex Ingle/ Schmidt Ocean Institute

The first dive to an unnamed seamount left scientists in awe. Chief Scientist Javier Sellanes of Universidad Católica del Norte described the experience as a revelation of “incredible biodiversity.” These findings underscore the importance of continuing to explore the uncharted corners of our oceans to better understand and protect their inhabitants.

Next Steps: Confirming New Species

pink urchin
An urchin retrieved as a sample by ROV SuBastian is handled by a researcher before being taken to the laboratory on Research Vessel Falkor (too) for cataloging and analysis. CREDIT: Alex Ingle/Schmidt Ocean Institute

Back on land, the research team is preparing for years of meticulous study to analyze the genetic makeup and physiology of the collected specimens. Confirming whether these creatures are indeed new species will add to our scientific understanding of marine biodiversity and the importance of conserving these habitats.

Preserving the Secrets of the Deep

The discoveries made on this mission highlight the incredible and often overlooked biodiversity of the ocean’s depths. As researchers work to identify and classify these species, the findings will contribute to global efforts to protect and preserve vulnerable marine habitats. This expedition is a reminder of the mysteries waiting to be uncovered in our planet’s last great frontier.

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